Companies have a number of ways to fund their operating needs. A company can sell shares of stock, such as in an IPO. Selling shares dilutes existing shareholders, so companies that regularly issue shares are likely to underperform. Otherwise, companies may want to go to the debt market. By offering debt, companies aren’t diluting shareholders. But that debt adds a cost to the balance sheet that needs to come from cash flows. Overly indebted companies can be poor performers. Companies that use either or both of these tools moderately and responsibly as needed, however, can use the ca...
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